Nestled in the western plains of Nepal, Bardiya National Park, located in the Banke Bardiya region, is a true gem of nature. Known for its rich biodiversity, extraordinary wildlife sightings, and robust conservation initiatives, Bardiya is steadily becoming one of the world’s most sought-after destinations for eco-tourism and wildlife enthusiasts. As one of Nepal’s largest protected areas, it is a haven for endangered species and an important site for sustainable tourism practices.
A Sanctuary for Wildlife
Bardiya National Park is a sanctuary like no other. The park is home to a wealth of rare and endangered species, making it one of the best places in Nepal for wildlife safaris and nature exploration.
- Royal Bengal Tigers: Bardiya is home to approximately 125 Bengal Tigers, marking a significant conservation success. In 2010, the tiger population was a mere 18, but through focused conservation efforts, that number has grown exponentially, making Bardiya Nepal’s second-largest tiger habitat. This is a vital success story, with Bardiya’s efforts helping to protect the tiger population in the wild.
- Asian Elephants: The park also houses around 120 Asian Elephants, some of the tallest in Asia, such as the famous Raja Guj (11.3 feet) and Bhim Guj (11.2 feet). These towering elephants, among the tallest of the 6,500 Asian elephants worldwide, are a significant attraction for visitors.
- One-Horned Rhinoceros: The park boasts a population of 38 One-Horned Rhinoceros, with some migrating to India’s Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, further strengthening the region’s cross-border conservation efforts.
- Other Species: The park is also home to five species of deer, including the largest species of deer in Nepal (the Swamp Deer), as well as three species of antelopes. Additionally, Bardiya offers some of the best sightings of the Gangetic River Dolphin and is renowned as a top destination for spotting the Great Slaty Woodpecker, Asia’s largest woodpecker.
A Thriving Tourism Destination
Bardiya National Park has seen significant growth in tourism in recent years, cementing its place as a major eco-tourism hub in Nepal. The year 2024 and the early months of 2025 have shown a notable surge in both domestic and international visitors.
- Visitor Numbers:
- In 2023-2024, Bardiya welcomed 26,131 visitors, comprising domestic tourists (10,430), SAARC nationals (709), and international tourists (3,355).
- The summer season of 2023 saw approximately 6,000 visitors, and the tourism numbers for 2024 are expected to rise further, with an estimated 30,000 tourists visiting the park in the upcoming year.
- Revenue Generation: The growth in tourism has significantly contributed to local economies, generating an estimated NPR 28.4 million in revenue during the fiscal year 2023-2024.
Accommodation and Community Engagement
Bardiya has been actively promoting sustainable and community-based tourism. The region is home to various accommodation options, ranging from eco-friendly lodges to community-run homestays.
- Homestays: Over 20 homestays in the Dalla area provide tourists with a more authentic and immersive experience, where they can interact with the local communities, particularly the Sonaha tribe. The Sonaha people, known for their traditional gold harvesting practices, play a crucial role in conservation and eco-tourism, ensuring that the benefits of tourism reach the grassroots level.
- Hotels and Lodges: Bardiya boasts more than 30 hotels and lodges, providing visitors with a range of accommodation options. The growth of tourism-friendly infrastructure ensures comfort for guests, while simultaneously promoting eco-conscious tourism.
Conservation Successes
Bardiya National Park’s commitment to wildlife conservation has resulted in impressive achievements:
- Anti-poaching and Habitat Management: Bardiya’s efforts in anti-poaching, habitat restoration, and community engagement have been key drivers in increasing the tiger population and improving the overall biodiversity in the park.
- Sustainable Agriculture: Local communities are also involved in sustainable agricultural practices, growing crops such as rice, wheat, and vegetables, alongside medicinal plants. This helps reduce human-wildlife conflict and supports the livelihoods of the local population.
International Recognition and Media Spotlight
Bardiya has garnered attention globally for its wildlife conservation and eco-tourism efforts. The park has been ranked as one of the Top 100 Sustainable Tourism Destinations in the world, and it continues to receive praise from international conservationists and organizations.
- The park has been featured in numerous wildlife documentaries produced by BBC, National Geographic, Discovery Channel, and Animal Planet. These documentaries showcase Bardiya’s exceptional wildlife and its role in the conservation of species like Bengal Tigers, Asian Elephants, and Gangetic River Dolphins.
- Celebrities and dignitaries such as Leonardo DiCaprio, Xu King, and Peter Byrne have visited Bardiya, further amplifying its reputation as a global conservation and tourism destination.
Visitor Experiences and Activities
Bardiya offers a plethora of experiences for visitors:
- Wildlife Safaris: Embark on jeep safaris through the park’s dense jungles to catch glimpses of the Bengal Tiger, elephants, rhinos, and a diverse array of other wildlife.
- Bird Watching: With over 438 species of birds, including endangered ones like the Sarus Crane and Pallas’s Fish Eagle, birdwatchers will find Bardiya to be a paradise for avian life.
- Cultural Tours: Visitors can learn about the traditional lifestyles of the Tharu people, one of Nepal’s indigenous communities, known for their unique culture, art, and customs.
A Bright Future for Bardiya
Bardiya National Park has come a long way in terms of tourism, conservation, and community development. The increase in wildlife populations, the growth of eco-tourism, and the park’s continued success in conservation initiatives are testaments to the hard work of local communities, park authorities, and environmental organizations.
As Bardiya continues to grow as a major eco-tourism and conservation hub, it remains a shining example of how tourism can be both sustainable and beneficial to local communities. Whether you’re an avid wildlife enthusiast, a conservation advocate, or simply someone seeking a unique and enriching experience in Nepal, Bardiya National Park promises an unforgettable adventure. The future looks bright for Bardiya, and with continued support, it will remain a beacon of conservation and sustainable tourism for years to come.
Written By: Pari Adhikari (Tourism Professional and Trekking Guide)
